9) Nature of Planning

Primacy of Planning: This deals with the importance of planning for its central role in linking all the other managerial functions.

Pervasiveness (to persuade planning) of Planning: This brings out the ideas that planning is a function and responsibility of every manager, supervisor, and foreman in an organization. 

Plans are means to achieve some ends and without planning, we can not achieve goals and objectives of an organization.

Planning is a pervasive function of management. It is found at all levels and all departments of an organization. 
Top management looks after strategic planning. 

It involves choosing the future course of action from among alternatives.